Pressure-fluid generator



Aug. 27, .1929. C, E JOHNSN- i A1,112.6,491

PRESSURE FLUID GENERATOR Filed July 31, 1923 Patented Aug. :27, -1929.

UNITED STATES CHARLES EDMUND JOHNSON, OF WEST HOBABT, TASMANIA,AUSTRAL'IA.

PRESSURE-FLUID GENERATOR.

Application led July 31, 1923, Serial No.

This invention refers to the thermocyclic production of combined ormixed combusted gases as hydrocarbon gas and Water vapor herein termedgas-vapor usable Whether or not in combination With steam and or othergases in engines of vall kinds for the production of kinetic energy. Andas anfexample of such production and of the mechanism therefor and itsfunctional parts and the purposes and uses thereof reference is made tothe subject matter of present applicants prior application for LettersPatent of the United States of America No. 432,350, filed 21st ofDecember 1920. i v

And this invention relates particularly to compression and collection ofthe gases of exploded or `combus'ted gaseous mixtures principally foruse as components of thementioned gas-vapor or as a pressure gasa-According to this invention a charge of gaseous fuel after admissioninto a cylinder herein termed compressor cylinder or compressor iscompressed by a piston and ignited by electric and or other devicescontrolled by the pressure. The explosion pressure acting upon thepiston in the compressor retires said piston ready for compressinganother charge while the gas pressure opens a valve to a storagereservoir or gasometer into which (leaving attenuated or partial vacuum`in said compressor) the pressure l gases of combustion enter forservice thereafter and the practically empty compressor b eing reopenedto the supply of gaseous fuel by valve motion or otherwise is againcharged therewith and the described alternating operations repeated andso on.

And these present improvements have been devised in order that thedescribed cycles of operations may be achieved more'advantageously andby means of cheaper and more efficient mechanism than heretoforepossible.

But in order that this invention may be more readily understood andcarried into practical effect it will now be described With reference tothe drawings which are more or less schematic accompanying and formingpart of this speciiication.

50 Fig. 1 is a diametrical section view of a plant for producing `(thatis to say compressing and collecting) combustion gases having duplicatecompressors with a common piston or ram. Fig. 2 is a partial sectionalplan of a modification of'the double 654,857, and in Australia Karch10,1923.

action two stage compressor specially for high pressures. Figs. 3 and 4are plan and elevation respectively of a modified construction ofthe'double ended ram. Fig. 5 is a sectional elevation of a preferredtype o f pump for exploded mixture pressure action for pumping between astorage of Water and compressor water jacket, and Fig. 6 is an .enlargedviewof a pressure controlled 1gn1t1on device.

Fig. 7 is a sectional plan view taken on the line 7-7 of Fig. 8 and Fig.8 a central sectional elevation taken on the line 8-8 of Fig. 7, of anexhaust valve used in the present engine;

Fig. 9 is a transverse section taken on the line 9-9 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 1.0 is a similar view to Fig. 9 taken on the line 10-10 of Fig. 1.I

The opposed cylinders or compressors 8 and 9 each have an outer end orback or 'head 1() with orifice 11 therethrough for valves 12 normallyclosing by pressure of helical spring 13. In the wall of each compressornear the head or back is a port or ports 14 with non-return etliux valve15 Whose discharge is through pipe 16 into the concentric annular outerchamber or gasometer 17.

Each compressor has a priming inlet 18 and is provided With 'a passageto the open starting relief outlet 19 open to the air, and with gasducts 2O (see Fig. 6) and one or more spark plugs 21.

An enveloping casing say cylinder 22 connects the comprcssors and 9 andforms a guide for a double ended ram 23 having a medial enlargement 24With collar 25 acting as a shoe or piston and preferably having a pistonring 26. Slide rods 27 having thereon return springs 28 are operable bycollar 25 and in turn operate throttle vanes 29 in fuel supply pipes 30in proper timed re-` lation to the movements of the piston 23.

The throttle vanes 29 are carried bytrunnions in the pipes 30 as shownand one of the trunnions for each vane is extended outside the pipe 30and carries a toothed pinion not shown adapted to be operated by atoothed rack or the like on the rod 29 or by other suitable or Wellknown mechanism. The collar piston 25 cushions each compressor ram 23 atthe end of-its, Withdrawal stroke against a small volume of air on itsopposite face in cylinder 22 and this cushioning if desired may beassisted by a spring or springs 7 interposed between the pistonenlargement 24 and the respective fronts 'of compressors 8 and 9. 32 isa master throttle for controlling the supply of fuel to the branch pipes30, and`33 is a com-mon) air intake orifice provided with a controlshutter 34.

Outwardly of each "gas duct l20 is a cylinder 35 with. a piston 36adapted to close entrance to said duct. The travel of this piston 36 isI limited by stops 37 and its rod 38 is adapted-to reach an electricallycharged contact point 39 in an ignition control chamber40 from whichleads a pipe 41 through a valve 42 (see Fig.l 1) to the gasometer 17.Compressors 8 9 have water jackets 43 with convenient inlets and outletswhile the cylinder casing 22 has a drain pipe 44 and pet-cock 45 and itsinterior and the contacting parts therein are lubricated through pipewith oil cup 46. The chambers 47, as well as the chamber 17 may be usedfor collection or storage purposes.

In operation the cmpressors 8 and 9 are alternately charged with amixture of combustible fuel and air (say initially by a small pump) orprimed through inletsv 18 and the charge in one compressor say 8 firedby an independent starter say a battery ignition device by means ofspark plug 21. The explosion of the fired charge drives the combustedgases through outlet ports 14and` valves 15 and outlet pipe 16 to thegasometer 17 under substantial pressure and at the same time forces ram23 from compressor 8 into compressor 9 compressing the meanwhileadmitted charge therein which in turnis ignited by operation of the piston 36 in cylinder 35 into which a small volumeof the compressed fuelof compressor 9 is forced through duct 20 and against said piston 36moving the latter until its rod 38 contacts the point 39 closing anelectric circuit and so causinga spark at the plug 21 and igniting thecharge in the said compressor 9 and returning the-ram to other end ofits stroke and compressing the charge educed therein through inlet valve12 on the last stroke and so on the alternative compressing andexploding operations continuing with increasing rapidity until theoutlet 19 which is preferably opened during the initialstarting-operations is closed by hand.

As the pressure increases in the gasometer 17 the ignition of thesucceeding charges is delayed proportionally owing to the pressure fromthe" said gasometer 17 passing through the pipe 41 and control valve 42to cylinder 35 and countering the compressor pressure on the piston 36and so delaying and retarding contact of rod 38 with point 39.

In a modified construction shown in Fig. '2 the casing 22 has two inletvalves 72 corresponding to the compression head inlet valves 12 beforementioned and the fuel supply pipe 30 is altered accordingl and it alsoas a plurality of discharge va `ves 73 with crossed' delivery pipes 74to the said compressor head inlet valves 12. It will be understood thatin the operation of these arts the casin 22 receives the initial chargerom the car uretor and partially compresses the combustible gases whichon compression are discharged to the com ressors 8-9 and furthercompressed explo ed and collected as before explained.

Referring to Fi 5 the water pump haspiston 75 in cylin er 76 (open tocompressors 8--9) and its piston rod passes into pump barrel 77 andforms the plunger 78 and in said barrel are suction inlet and Valve 7 9and discharge and outlet valve 80. At the end of said barrel is a pumpstroke regulator comprising a spindle 81 with a head or butt 82 passedYthrough screwed and glanded casing 83 which operates during thecompression stroke when the piston moves in pump 76 until the plunger 78meets butt 82 (limiting the length of the stroke) and during the suctionstroke the piston 75 retires again the while causing suction anddelivery of water to the jackets 43.

In large duplicate compressors of the kind set forth the frictionalresistance of the working parts is likely toV be excessive as also wouldbe their wear and tear and therefore special means as illustrated inFigs. 3 and 4 to overcome such difiiculties have been devised. In thiscase the compressor ram 23 is hollow and encloses a weighted crankshaft85 the ends of which extend through longitudinal slots 8G in themid-portionof the ram and are mounted in bearings in a stationary sleeveor casing 84. From the crank 87 is a connecting rod 88 to a gudgeon 89in one head of the said ram 23. The ram 23 reciprocatcs as abovedescribed but the greater part ofthe weight thereof is borne by thecrankshaft 85 which reciprocatcs in its bearing (the slots 86)complementary to the movement ofthe ram 23.

lVhat I claim as my invention and desire to secure by Letters Patent is2- 1.' A pressure fluid generator comprising .opposed compressorcylinders, a cylinder connecting said compressor cylinders, a ramworking in said cylinders, a collar on said r'am constituting a pistonworking in said connecting cylinder, said-ram being balanced andgoverned through said collar by air cushions existing in said connectingcylinder, means for supplying a gaseous mixture to said compressorcylinders, ignition devices for exploding said mixture, a gasometer,means for conductingthe exploded llO gases from said compressorcylinders to said gasometer, and means for delaying the ignition ofsucceeding charges in the compressor cylinders proportionallytothepressure in the gasometer, said means comprising an auxiliary cylinder,a piston limited as to movement in said cylinder, a duct at one side ofsaid piston connecting said cylinder with a compressor cylinder, a pipeat the other side of said )iston connecting said auxiliary cylinder wlththe gasometer, a Contact forming part of the ignition circuit projectinginto said auxiliary cylinder, and a rod on said piston adapted to engagesaid contact to effect ignition.

2. A pressure fluid generator comprising .opposed compressor cylinders,a cylinder connecting said compressor cylinders, a ram Working in saidcylinders, a collar on said ram constituting a piston Working in saidconnecting cylinder, said ram being balanced and governed through saidcollar by air cushions existing in said connecting cylinder, means forsupplying a gaseous mixture to said compressor cylinders, ignitiondevices for exploding said mixture, a gasometer, means for conductingthe exploded gases from said compressor cylinders to said gasometer, andmeans for delaying the ignition of succeeding charges in the compressercylinders proportionally to the pressure in the gasometer.

3. A pressure fluid generator comprising opposed compressor cylinders, acylinder connecting said compressor cylinders, a ram working in saidcylinders, a collar on said ram constituting a piston working in saidconnecting cylinder, means for supplying a gaseous mixture to saidcompressor cylinders, ignition devices for exploding said mixture, agasometer, means for conducting the exploded gases from said compressorcylinders to said gasometer, and means for delaying the ignition ofsucceeding charges in the compressor cylinders proportionally to thepressure in the gasometer.

4. A pressure fluid generator comprising opposed compressor cylinders, acylinder connecting said compressor cylinders, a ram working in saidcompressor cylinders, a collar on said ram constituting a piston Workingin said connecting cylinder, means for supplying a gaseous mixture tosaid comressor cylinders, a gasometer, means for lgniting said mixture,means for delaying the ignition of succeeding charges in the compressorcylinders proportionately to the pressure 1n the gasometer, and meansfor conducting the explodedgases from saidl niting said mixture, meansfor delaying the A ignition of succeeding charges in the compressorcylinders proportionately to the pressure in the gasometer, and meansfor conducting the exploded gases from said compressor cylinders to saidgasometer.

6. A fluid pressure generator comprising opposed compressors, a' head ineach compressoihaving on opening, an inlet valve normally closing eachopening, an exhaust port in each compressor, a concentric annular outergasometer connected with said exhaust ports, an ignition device for eachcompressor, an enveloping casing forming a cylinder connecting saidcompressors, a double ended ram adapted to reciprocate Within saidcompressors, a medial enlargement on said ram, a collar on saidenlargement acting as a piston Within said casing for cushioning saidramY at the end of its strokes, a fu'el supply pipe for each compressor,a throttle vane in each pipe, a slide rod for each pipe operable by saidcollar, an auxiliary cylinder for each compressor, a duct connectingeach auxiliary cylinder and its compressor, a piston Within eachauxiliary cylinder, stops adapted to limit the travel of said pistons, arod on each piston, a contact point in each auxiliary cylinderprojecting into the path of the piston rod, a pipe leading from eachauxiliary cylinder to the gasometer, and a pressure control valve insaid pipe.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification.

CHARLES EDMUND JoHNsoN.

ling in said connecting cylinder, said piston p

